Which fingerprint pattern accounts for only about 5 percent of all patterns?

The arch fingerprint pattern is indeed the least common type, accounting for only about 5 percent of all fingerprint patterns. An arch is characterized by ridges that enter from one side of the print, rise in the center, and then exit on the opposite side. Unlike loops and whorls, which have more complex formations and occur more frequently in the general population, arches are simpler in structure and less prevalent.

In contrast, loop patterns are the most common, making up around 60 to 70 percent of fingerprints, while whorls are present in about 25 to 35 percent. Composite patterns combine features of the other types but are not a distinct category like arches, loops, or whorls. Understanding the rarity of arches helps forensic specialists determine identification techniques and analyze fingerprint evidence effectively.