What is the function of fingerprint analysis in forensics?

Fingerprint analysis plays a critical role in forensics by identifying individuals through the unique patterns of ridges and valleys found on their fingertips. Each person's fingerprints are distinct, even among identical twins, which makes this method an effective means of establishing identity. When a fingerprint is lifted from a crime scene, forensic experts can compare it to a database of known prints or to exemplars taken from suspects. This process is essential in connecting individuals to criminal activity and can lead to significant breakthroughs in investigations.

While fingerprint analysis certainly contributes to broader aspects of forensic science, such as the catalogue of evidence, its primary function is the accurate identification of individuals based on their unique dermal ridge patterns. This characteristic nature of fingerprints is what makes them one of the most reliable forms of evidence in criminal investigations.