What is a common method for analyzing trace evidence like hair?

Microscopic comparison is a widely used method for analyzing trace evidence, such as hair, because it allows forensic scientists to examine the physical characteristics of the hair samples in detail. When comparing hairs under a microscope, experts can assess traits such as color, texture, and the structure of the medulla, cuticle, and cortex. These characteristics help in distinguishing human hair from animal hair and can also aid in matching a hair found at a crime scene to a suspect or victim.

Microscopic comparison is particularly valuable in forensic science as it provides a relatively quick and straightforward approach to analyze samples that might not be suitable for more complex techniques. The ability to visually compare hairs side by side supports investigations in ways that help establish associations or exclusions between individuals and crime scenes.

While molecular profiling, spectroscopic analysis, and chromatographic separation are useful techniques for various forms of evidence, they are not as directly aligned with the initial identification and comparison of hair as microscopic analysis is. These other methods may be applied in different contexts or for complementary purposes, but for trace evidence like hair, microscopic comparison remains a staple in forensic analysis.