What does comparative forensic science involve?

Comparative forensic science primarily involves the analysis of known and unknown samples to draw conclusions about their similarities or differences. This process is essential in forensic investigations, as it helps to identify substances, materials, or biological samples collected from a crime scene and compare them with samples from known sources, such as suspects or victims.

For instance, in forensic biology, comparing DNA from a crime scene with DNA profiles of known individuals can provide critical evidence linking suspects to the scene. Similarly, in trace evidence analysis, comparing fibers, hair, or other materials found at a crime scene with those known to originate from a suspect can be vital for building a case.

The other options, while they pertain to various aspects of forensic science, do not encapsulate the central focus of comparative forensic science. Detecting chemical reactions is more specific to chemistry-related forensic tests, analyzing crime scene photography involves visual documentation and interpretation rather than sample comparison, and testing witness credibility pertains to interviewing and evaluating people rather than direct evidence comparison. Thus, the essence of comparative forensic science lies in its focus on comparing samples to establish connections in the investigative process.